Carbon structural steel

Grade: For example, Q235-A·F, indicating σs=235MPa.

Grade notes: Q is yield strength, quality grade A (there are four grades ABCD), F boiling steel.

Features: low price, excellent process performance (such as weldability and cold formability).

Application: General engineering structures and general mechanical parts. For example, Q235 can be used to make bolts, nuts, pins, hooks and less important mechanical parts as well as rebar, section steel, steel bars, etc. in building structures.

High quality carbon structural steel

Brand: Example 45, 65Mn, 08F.

Grade annotation: Directly indicates the carbon content of the metal in tens of thousands.

Application: Non-alloy steel for manufacturing important mechanical parts is generally used after heat treatment.

Commonly used steel grades and uses:

08F, low carbon mass fraction, good plasticity, low strength, used for stamping parts such as automobiles and instrument casings;

20. It has good plasticity and weldability, and is used for parts with low strength requirements and carburized parts, such as machine covers, welding containers, small shafts, nuts, washers and carburized gears, etc.;

45, 40Mn, has good comprehensive mechanical properties after quenching and tempering, and is used for mechanical parts with large stress, such as gears, connecting rods, machine tool spindles, etc.;

60 and 65Mn steel have high strength; used to manufacture various springs, motorcycle rims, and low-speed wheels.

carbon tool steel

Grade: For example, T12 steel represents carbon tool steel with Wc=1.2%.

Grade annotation: T plus the thousandth of the carbon content of the metal.

Features: It belongs to eutectoid steel and hypereutectoid steel. It has high strength and hardness and good wear resistance. It is suitable for manufacturing various low-speed cutting tools.

Commonly used steel grades and uses:

T7, T8: Make parts that withstand a certain impact and require toughness. Such as sledgehammer, punch, chisel, carpentry tools, scissors.

T9, T10, T11: To manufacture tools with small impact that require high hardness and high wear resistance. Such as taps, small drill bits, dies, and hand saw blades.

T12, T13: Make tools that are not impact resistant. Such as files, scrapers, razors, measuring tools.

cast steel

Grade: For example, ZG200-400, which means cast steel with σs=200MPa and σb=400MPa.

Performance: The casting performance is worse than cast iron, but the mechanical properties are better than cast iron.

Application: Mainly used to manufacture important mechanical parts with complex shapes, high mechanical performance requirements, and difficult to form by forging and other methods, such as automobile gearbox casings, rolling stock couplers and couplings, etc.